智能粮食水分测试仪的研制

给出以AT89C52单片机为核心的粮食水分测试仪的硬件结构组成,并详细介绍了信号处理和测量方法;通过对传感器的标定并进行相应的数据处理。通过实验发现,该仪器使用方便,测量精度高。     

不同水平硼对春小麦生长发育及结实率的影响

用溶液培养法对硼与小麦生长发育及结实率的关系进行了研究。结果表明：（1）无硼影响小麦的营养生长，缺硼不影响小麦的营养生长，但影响小麦的生殖生长。（2）缺硼严重影响小麦的穗分化，在一定施硼范围内，随着硼施用量的增加，总小穗数和有效小数增多。（3）不同年份，气候因子不同，对硼的需要量不同。1997年，在0－1μmol/L范围，1998年，在0－10μmol/L范围内，随着硼浓度的提高，结实率呈增高趋势。（4）小麦需硼的关键时期为孕穗期。     

土壤水分胁迫下冬小麦籽粒灌浆特性的研究

利用2008--2009年度田间小区冬小麦灌溉试验资料,研究了不同水分胁迫程度、不同水分胁迫时期对冬小麦籽粒灌浆进程以及籽粒产量的影响.研究结果表明:在不同水分调控条件下,冬小麦籽粒灌浆规律符合"慢一快一慢"的"S"型生长曲线,可以用Logistic曲线拟合;且水分调控对籽粒灌浆参数有不同程度地影响,进而对粒重有重大影响.随着水分胁迫的加剧,冬小麦灌浆起步时间愈早,达到峰值的时间愈快.而在孕穗、抽穗和灌浆期任一期内缺水处理都会缩短小麦灌浆持续时间,减少穗粒数,也降低粒重,最终影响产量.因此在冬小麦拔节期可允许轻度的水分胁迫,而灌浆期则应尽量避免任何程度的水分胁迫.     

Late nitrogen fertilization affects carbohydrate mobilization in wheat

An experiment was carried out to determine how the late application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer affects the use of pre‐anthesis carbon reserves during the grain‐filling period of pot‐grown wheat with no water shortage. Increasing doses (equivalent to 0, 140, and 180 kg N ha^–1) of N fertilizer were applied, either in two amendments (stages GS20 and GS30) or in three amendments (stages GS20, GS30, and GS37, according to Zadoks scale). The management of fertilizer by combining an increased N rate with late N application was able to stimulate canopy development, to raise photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate accumulation during the vegetative stages, and to increase grain yield. Based on the dynamics of carbohydrate accumulation in the ear, three phases were differentiated during the grain‐filling period, whose temporary pattern remained stable regardless of the fertilizer management. The net remobilization of carbohydrates started 12 d after anthesis from the leaves and 28 d after anthesis from roots and stems. The increase of the N dose with late N application allowed on one hand a lower use of the pre‐anthesis carbon reserves in favor of greater de novo photosynthesis during the grain‐filling period, and on the other hand greater relative contribution of the leaf and ear C reserves to remobilization towards the grain. Further splitting the dose increased only the relative contribution of ear C reserves. The stem contribution seemed to be independent of N applied whereas the root contribution tended to diminish with late N application.     

杂交中稻新组合引进试验小结

引进12个杂交水稻新组合在建阳市进行2a品种比较试验。结果表明,天优3301、川优673、丰两优四号、深两优5814、东优1388、丰优126和SD-88等品种在产量及其他性状方面优于对照Ⅱ优838,并对表现较好参试品种的丰产性、稳产性和生育期等农艺性状进行了评述。     

关于山西省酿造原粮产业化发展的思考

为保障山西省转型跨越发展中传统酿造业的酿造原粮供应,提出了明确的指导思想和发展目标,即建设忻定盆地、晋中盆地、吕梁山地和上党盆地4个酿造原粮产业带,并针对性提出4个工作重点、7项扶持政策和3项保障措施,从而实现全省酿造原粮的产业化发展,助推传统酿造业持续、快速发展。     

浅析玉米缺粒与秃尖症状发生原因及对策

玉米生产过程中,而忽视了玉米缺粒与秃尖等生理病害的发生与预防,在生产实践中常造成严重的损失。为此探讨玉米缺粒与秃尖症状发生原因及防治对策,对减轻或避免玉米生产中玉米缺粒与秃尖等生理病害造成的损失有重要意义。     

黑龙江省粮食产量变化及驱动因素分析

在简要分析1949-2010年黑龙江省粮食产量变化的基础上,从生产条件、农业投入、政策保障、产出效益4个方面选取29个指标,采用通径分析法分析影响黑龙江省粮食产量变化的驱动因素及变化机理。结果表明:1)黑龙江省粮食产量总体呈增长趋势,60年间主要经历五个增长期和三个下降期;2)农业投入和产出效益是黑龙江省粮食产量变化的主要驱动因素,而生产条件和政策保障是黑龙江省粮食产量变化的次要驱动因素。     

Dissipation of the herbicide dithiopyr in soil and residues in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) grain under Indian tropical conditions

Dissipation of dithiopyr in soil was monitored after application to wheat crop as pre- or post-emergence applications at two rates, viz 100 and 200 g AI ha(-1). The level of dithiopyr in the soil was assessed by gas chromatography, and its disappearence was found to follow a first-order decay curve irrespective of rate or method of application. The half-life in soil ranged between 17.3 and 25.0 days and residues at harvest (150 days after application) ranged between 4.0 and 8.8% of amounts applied. Investigation of microbial degradation of dithiopyr was conducted in minimal salt and Czapek Dox media in which 80% of the compound degraded within 15 days. Residues were not detected in wheat grain at harvest.